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Risk Factors Biological factors such as viruses and fungi have been associated with oral cancers. The human papilloma virus, particularly HPV16 and 18, have been implicated with oral cancers. HPV is a common sexually transmitted virus which currently affects about 40 million Americans. About 1% of those with the HPV virus have the HPV16 strain which also linked with cervical cancer. While oral cancer most often strikes those over the age of 40, the fastest growing segment is in younger patients. Use of tobacco and alcohol increases the risk for any age group. When you smoke and drink, the two act synergistically, making the combined risk 15 times greater than others. Also, persons with compromised immune systems may be at a greater risk of oral cancer. Patients who have experienced a great deal of UV radiation (such as from the sun) are at an increased risk of cancer of the lip. Fortunately this type of oral cancer has declined over the past few decades, apparently due to the use of sun screens. Exposure to x-rays is a risk factor. Radiographs taken during routine dental exams are safe, but radiation exposure is accumulative over a lifetime. It has also been implicated in head and neck cancers. It is important to note that the digital radiographs taken at Devonshire Dental Associates expose the patient to 85%-90% less radiation than conventional x-rays that use film. Some studies indicate that a diet low in fruits and vegetables could be a risk factor, and that conversely, persons with a high intake may have some inherent protection due to their diets. Early Detection One study determined that the average dentist sees 3-5 patients per day who exhibit soft tissue abnormalities, most of which are benign in nature. Even the simplest things, such as a canker sore (herpes simplex), the wound left by accidentally biting the inside of your cheek, or sore spots from poorly fitting dental appliances. Generally any sore, discoloration, prominent tissue, irritation, or hoarseness which does not resolve within a two week period on its own, with or without treatment, is worthy of further examination, biopsy, or referral to a specialist. Patients need to take responsibility for being aware of changes in their mouths, and to bring them to the attention of their dentist. Early detection of oral cancer can greatly affect survival rates. Up to 90% of oral cancers that are detected early can be treated or cured. Yearly exams We recommend that you receive a Velscope oral cancer screening once per year. Exams should begin at the age of 18. The cost is minimal when you consider the risks of oral cancer. More insurance companies are starting to cover this type of exam, but many do not. Please ask our Office Staff if you have any questions about your coverage. |
